Types of Cyber Attacks:
Malware:
Malware is a software which is malicious, includes spyware, ransomware, viruses, Trojan
Horses and worms. Malware can break and gain access to network or system through vulnerability whenever user install that malicious software by clicking on external, dangerous, and untrusted links or email attachments.
Terms explanation:
Software: Program use to perform specific task in your system/computer or network.
Spyware: It is a type of software that installs itself on a device and secretly monitors a user/victim’s or system owner online activity.
Ransomware: It a type of software designed to block access to computer/system or some files on system and demands a payment to enable access again and successful payment can lead to financial loss.
Virus: It is a malicious software program loaded onto a user’s computer without the user’s knowledge and performs malicious actions.
Trojan Horse: it is a type of malicious code or software that looks legitimate but can take control of your computer.
Worms: It is a malicious software that can replicate itself rapidly and spread across devices within a network without user/victim’s interaction.
Vulnerability: It is a bug, weakness, flaw or error found in computer systems/server or networks that can exploited by hackers.
Phishing:
Cybercriminals targets individuals or organizations by sending them email, text messages,
popup messages, phone calls, and may use other social forms of communication. Message will contain links or attachments which can steal sensitive data like credit cards and login information by clicking on it, or to install malware software on targeted victim’s system. The source of mail sender sometime appears very reputable and trusted.
Man-In-The-Middle (MitM):
As per its name cybercriminals sit in the middle of network and computers, handset devices,
card scanning machines etc. Attackers insert themselves between the communicating channels by Wi-Fi Eavesdropping, Packet Sniffing, DNS Spoofing, SSL Stripping, Email Hijacking, ARP Spoofing to interrupt traffic and steal data.
Terms explanation:
Wi-Fi Eavesdropping: On public insecure Wi-Fi, attackers can insert themselves between network and devices connected to that Wi-Fi network. All activities over that Wi-Fi network can
pass through attackers. Attackers can steal all user personal, professional,
and financial information by sitting in middle.
Packet Sniffing: Attackers can use different packet sniffers application which can capture data packets across computer and networks. Data packets can have login credentials, credit/debit,
or account login details.
DNS Spoofing:
Attackers can alter IP Address details available at Domain Name System to redirect users to malicious websites by providing incorrect IPAddress for standard websites.
SSL Striping: Attackers will be between web client and web server. Attackers may attempt to
downgrade the secure connection to decrypted HTTP connection.
Email Hijacking: Attackers compromises and gain access to victim’s email account and then silently monitor the communications between client and provider.
ARP Spoofing: Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) spoofing involves manipulating ARP tables, in which hacker sends fake APR packets that has attackers MAC address link with an IP Address of computer connected over LAN. Attackers can steal the data communicated between devices over LAN.
Denial-of-service (DoS):
Cybercriminals attempts to malfunction system, service, or network by flooding it with
illegitimate traffic or requests to exhaust resources and bandwidth. Which is result make system unavailable for intended users so that system won’t allow access to legitimate users also called as Denial of service. This is also known as distributed-denial-of-service (DDoS) attack or Bonet attack.
Terms explanation:
Bonet: A Bonet is a collection of devices connected with network, which are attacked, infected and controlled by cybercriminals.
Zero-Day Exploit:
When software developers release software without realizing that their software has flaw/vulnerability and as software is released, they have 0 days to fix that vulnerability. And professional and aware cybercriminals use that flaw to hack the software before a patch or solution is implemented. It typically includes various types of software, including operating systems, web browsers and applications.
Terms explanation:
Patch: It’s a piece of code that is designed to fix, update, or improve a program or to fix errors, bugs, flaws, and vulnerabilities.
SQL injection:
Cybercriminals create new or manipulate existing structured query which they will insert into server to gain unauthorized access to a database which can expose intellectual property, customer data or administrative credentials of business.
Terms explanation:
SQL: Structured Query Language includes set of parameters which matches with columns of table in database.
Database: It’s a software used to manage and store data in the form of tables. Each table contains row & columns.
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